COMMITTEE ON CODES OF CONDUCT
ADVISORY OPINION NO. 46

Acceptance by Judges of Public Testimonials or Awards.

From time to time, the advice of the Committee has been sought concerning the acceptance by judges of public testimonials or awards. The frequency of the inquiry prompts this formal opinion on the question.

Judges who have achieved a preeminence such as to prompt public recognition should ordinarily be able to accept such honors. In addition to the personal gratification involved, the entire judiciary benefits from public praise of one of its members.

Before accepting such recognition, however, a judge should take certain factors into consideration. Notwithstanding the spirit in which the award is proffered, it should not be accepted from an organization whose public image embodies a clearly defined point of view on controversial legal, social or political issues. Neither should an award be accepted from an organization which is apt to be before the courts as a litigant.

Finally, a judge must be cautious in the case of an award given in conjunction with a fund-raising dinner or event. The Commentary to Canon 5B(2) and (3) provides that "[a] judge may attend fund-raising activities of the organization although the judge may not be a speaker, a guest of honor, or featured on the program of such an event." It would seem quite likely that the recipient of an award would be either a "guest of honor" or a "speaker" at such an event. In addition to the nature of the organization involved, the judge should be concerned that his or her presence is not merely a device to promote publicity and the sale of tickets.

The nature of these cautions and the variety of situations to which they may be applied, make it clear that, consistent with the appearance of propriety and impartiality, the decision in each case must remain within the conscientious discretion of each judge.

October 14, 1975
Revised January 16, 1998