WPCg L L}:.A]nf=U*g`&ڤ"sodm,&ħ|ܖMUVMH*k#_ ibRQ`UpNdr N'ZBJC%ᮃ<u!f߫ܗ'pXP^ɹ`zu5zqlV|o^WʌS>}-dBLWaKVqSf!tD] ;18[w!WWӱ77+QAAghCT`2݌bΜ.١]>&ew,41$'- 4/Çkv{ ҵ,ʊ'̟S1]-1qE0Ļ77 Lw6Ď$ qAbYh _jd#xU-NA % 0: N U1> U @  O ^ / w; 4? S b md 0{ { { { { { { 0 0D   0u 0666666666666666666666 BJDell Laser Printer 1700,,,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,\  `&Times New Roman(9 Z(Times New Roman   $USUS.,` ` XX  *    _Newmaterialisunderlined;mattertobeomittedislinedthrough.T;5 n::i+003|xU(i2b3$ !USUS.,  ` ` &%XX(l2 $ !USUS.,  ` ` XX  0  (#$  0   b3'USUS.,` ` &%XX  _  2  ڀFEDERALRULESOFCRIMINALPROCEDURE (USUS.,&%XX  _` `   FEDERALRULESOFCRIMINAL_PROCEDURE_Ԁ  3  (M2$ !USUS.,  &%XX<ll:annotation rS\  `&Times New RomanSS\  `&Times New RomanS d !USUS.,  _`  ` `  X  c ` `     PROPOSEDAMENDMENTSTOTHEFEDERAL `  RULESOFCRIMINALPROCEDURE*!  #  *       L     Rule1.0  Scope;Definitions  xx  =8XXXdd=@)*****  (b)0 \ Definitions. Thefollowingdefinitionsapplytothese ` rules:@ \ x\ x   ***** x  0 \ (11)    Telephonemeansanyformofliveelectronic P  voicecommunication. 0\ x\ x 0 \ (11) (12)  Victimmeansa crimevictimasdefinedin  18U.S.C.3771(e).\ x\ x   ***** ` ` =8XXXdXXXd=  CommitteeNote  8 .  Subdivision(b)(11). Theaddeddefinitionclarifiesthatthe p! term telephoneincludestechnologiesenablinglivevoice `" conversationsthathavedevelopedsincethetraditional landline L# telephone.Callsplacedbycellphoneorfromacomputeroverthe 8$ internet,wouldbeincluded,forexample.Thedefinitionislimitedto $% livecommunicationinordertoensurecontemporaneous & _communicationandexcludesvoicerecordings.Livevoice   communicationshouldincludeservicesforthehearingimpaired,or   othercontemporaneoustranslation,wherenecessary.   =8XXdXXXd=  ` Rule3. TheComplaint   =8XXXdXXd= \ Thecomplaintisawrittenstatementoftheessential xx factsconstitutingtheoffensecharged. It Exceptasprovided PP  inRule4.1,L  M  ԀiL  M  tmustbemadeunderoathbeforeamagistrate ((  judgeor,ifnoneisreasonablyavailable,beforeastateor   localjudicialofficer.    X8XXXL  M  ` L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  =8XXXdXXXd=@88# CommitteeNote puԈ  pl X   Undertheamendedrule, thecomplaintandsupportingmaterial tt maybesubmittedbytelephoneorreliableelectronicmeans,however, `` theRulerequiresthatthejudicialofficeradministertheoathor LL affirmationinpersonorbytelephone.TheCommitteeconcludedthat 8 8 theL  M  benefitsofmakingL  M  iteasiertoobtainjudicialoversightofthe $!$ arrestdecisionandtheincreasingreliabilityandaccessibilityto " electroniccommunicationwarrantedamendmentoftherule.The " amendmentmakesclearthatthesubmissionofacomplainttoa # judicialofficerneednotbedoneinpersonandmayinsteadbemade $ bytelephoneorotherreliableelectronicmeans.Thesuccessful % experienceswithelectronicapplicationsunderRule41,whichpermit & electronicapplicationsforsearchwarrants,supportacomparable ' processL  M  ԀforarrestsL  M  .#X8XXX8n #ԀTheprovisionsinRule41havebeentransferred (  tonewRule4.1,whichgovernsapplicationsbytelephoneorother   electronicmeansunderRules3,4,9,and41.   =8XXdXXXd= `  Rule4.ArrestWarrantorSummonsonaComplaint L  M     L  M    =8XXXdXXd=*****  6(c)0 \ ExecutionorService,andReturn. L  M  tt\ x\ x L  M    ***** LL  'L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M   \ (3)0  Manner. L  M  $$ xx  \   (A)0  Awarrantisexecutedbyarrestingthe   defendant.Uponarrest,anofficerpossessing   theL  M  originaloraduplicateoriginalL  M  ԀL  M  warrant  mustshowittothedefendant.Iftheofficer  doesnotpossessthewarrant,theofficermust \\ informthedefendantofthewarrants 4 4 existenceandoftheoffensechargedand,at  "  thedefendantsrequest,mustshowthe # L  M  originaloraduplicateoriginalL  M  ԀL  M  warranttothe % defendantassoonaspossible.'xx    *****   L  M    0 \ (4)0\ x\ xReturn. L  M   xx L  M  0 \ 0\ x\ x(A)0xxAfterexecutingawarrant,theofficermust  returnittothejudgebeforewhomthe  defendantisbroughtinaccordanceL  M  withRule `` 5.L  M  ԀL  M  ԀL  M  Theofficermaydosobyreliable 88  electronicmeans.Attherequestofan   attorneyforthegovernment,anunexecuted   warrantmustbebroughtbacktoandcanceled  byamagistratejudgeL  M  ԀL  M  L  M  or,ifnoneisreasonably  available,byastateorlocaljudicialofficerL  M  .L  M  Ԁppxx   ***** HH VL  M  L  M  (d) \ WarrantbyTelephoneorOtherReliableElectronic  !  0 \ Means. L  M  ԀL  M  InaccordancewithRule4.1,aL  M  magistratejudgeL  M   " L  M  mayissueawarrantorsummonsbasedoninformation $ communicatedbytelephoneorotherreliableelectronic & means.( \ x\ x ` X8XXX8 =8XXXdXXXd=0  ` 0  x x ` @88# x xCommitteeNote      Rule4isamendedinthreerespectstoL  M  makethearrestwarrant   processmoreefficientthroughtheuseoftechnology.L  M       Subdivision(c). First,Rule4(c)(3)(A)authorizesalaw  enforcementofficertoretainaduplicateoriginalarrestwarrant, xx consistentwiththechangetosubdivision(d),whichpermitsacourt dd toissueanarrestwarrantelectronicallyratherthanbyphysical PP  delivery.Theduplicateoriginalwarrantmaybeusedinlieuofthe <<  originalwarrantsignedbythemagistrateL  M  judgetosatisfythe ((  requirementthatthedefendantbeshownthewarrantatorsoonafter   anarrest.Cf.Rule4.1(b)(5)(providingforaduplicateoriginal   searchwarrant).     Second,consistentwiththeamendmenttoRule41(f),Rule  4(cL  M  )L  M  (4)(A)permitsanofficertomakeareturnofthearrestwarrant  electronically.Requiringaninpersonreturncanbeburdensomeon  lawenforcement,particularlyL  M  iL  M  nlargedistrictswhenthereturnL  M  can  L  M  requireagreatdealoftimeandtravel.L  M  Incontrast,L  M  nointerestL  M  ofthe tt accusedL  M  isaffectedL  M  byL  M  allowingwhatisnormallyaministerialactto `` bedoneelectronically. LL   Subdivision(d). Rule 4(d)providesthataL  M  magistrateL  M  judge $!$ mayissueanarrestwarrantL  M  orsummonsL  M  basedoninformation " submittedelectronicallyratherthaninperson.Thischangeworksin # conjunctionwiththeamendmenttoRule3,whichpermitsa # L  M  magistrateL  M  judgetoconsideracriminalL  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  complaintandaccompanying $ documentsthataresubmittedelectronically.Subdivision (d)also % incorporatestheproceduresforapplyingforandissuingelectronic & warrantsL  M  L  M  setforthinRule4.1.#X8XXX8#=8XXdXXXd= '  (  Ї ` L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M   Rule4.1L  M  .  L  M  ComplaintL  M  ,L  M  ԀWarrantL  M  ,orSummonsL  M  ԀbyTelephone   orOtherReliableElectronicMeansL  M  L  M     L  M  L  M  =8XXXdXXd=(a)0 \ InGeneral. L  M  L  M  AmagistratejudgeL  M  mayconsider  informationcommunicatedbytelephoneorother  reliableelectronicmeanswhendecidingwhetherto hh approveacomplaintortoissueawarrantorsummonsL  M  X8XXX8NM XX8<  M<  <<  <<  <<  <<  <<  <M  <  N.X8X MX8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8  #X8XXX8d.#X8XXX8L  M  .@@ \ x\ x ( b)0 \ Procedures. L  M  ԀIfamagistratejudgedecidestoproceed0@JXXX   underthisrule,thefollowingproceduresapply: \ x\ x L  M  0 \ L  M  (1)0\ x\ xL  M  TakingTestimonyUnderOath. L  M  ԀThejudgemust  placeunderoath"andmayexamine"the  applicantandanypersononwhosetestimonythe  applicationisbased.#X8XXX81#X8XXX8L  M  ``xx #X8XXX83#L  M  0 \ (2)0\ x\ xL  M  X8XXX8RecordingTestimony. #X8XXX84#X8XXX8L  M  ԀThejudgemustmakea 8!8 verbatimrecordofthetestimonywithasuitable # recordingdevice,ifavailable;byacourtreporter; $ orinwriting.Butawrittensummaryororder & sufficesifthetestimonyislimitedtoattestingto (  thecontentsofawrittenaffidavitsubmittedby   reliableelectronicmeansL  M  #X8XXX84#X8XXX8.#X8XXX86#L  M   xx L  M  L  M  0 \ (3)0\ x\ xL  M  CertifyingTestimony. L  M  ԀThejudgemusthaveany  verbatimrecordingorcourtreportersnotes  transcribed,certifythetranscriptionsaccuracy, hh andfileacopyoftherecordandthetranscription @@  withtheclerk.Butthejudgemustsimplysignand   filewiththeclerkanywrittenverbatimrecordor   anywrittensummaryororder.xx L  M  0 \ (4)0\ x\ xL  M  PreparingaProposedDuplicateOriginalofa  Complaint,Warrant,orSummons. L  M  X8XXX8Ԁ#X8XXX8:#L  M  Theapplicant xx mustprepareaproposedduplicateoriginalofa PP complaint,warrant,orsummons,andmustreador (!( otherwisetransmititscontentsverbatimtothe # judge.$xx L  M  0 \ (5)0\ x\ xL  M  PreparinganOriginalComplaint,Warrant,or & Summons. L  M  X8XXX8ԀIftheapplicantreadsthecontentsof (  theproposedduplicateoriginal,thejudgemust   enterthosecontentsintoanoriginalcomplaint,   warrant,orsummons.#X8XXX8<#X8XXX8Ԁ#X8XXX8=#L  M  X8XXX8If#X8XXX8,>#L  M  Ԁtheapplicanttransmits  thecontentsbyreliableelectronicmeans,that  transmissionmayserveastheoriginal.``xx L  M  0 \ (6)0\ x\ xL  M  Modification. L  M  ԀThejudgemaymodifythe 88  complaintL  M  X8XXX8NM XX8M  M<  M<  <<  <<  <<  <<  <<  <M  <  N@X8X MX8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8X8XXX8  #X8XXX8?#L  M  ,warrant,orsummons.Thejudgemust   transmitthemodifiedversiontotheapplicantby   reliableelectronicmeansordirecttheapplicantto  modifytheproposedduplicateoriginal  accordingly.xxxx L  M  0 \ (7)0\ x\ xL  M  Signing. Ifthejudgedecidestoapprovethe PP complaint,ortoissuethewarrantorsummons,the 0!0 judgemustimmediately:#xx  \   (A)0  signtheoriginal;$xx  \   (B)0  enteronitsfacetheexactdateandtimeitis & approvedorissued;and( xx 0 \ 0\ x\ x(C)0xxtransmititbyreliableelectronicmeanstothe   applicantordirecttheapplicanttosignthe   judgesnameontheduplicateoriginal.L  M  xx L  M  (c)0 \ X8XXX8SuppressionofEvidenceLimited#X8XXX8}G#L  M  X8XXX8. #X8XXX8G#L  M  X8XXX8ԀAbsentafindingof  badfaith,evidenceobtainedfromawarrantissuedunder hh thisr#X8XXX8LH#L  M  X8XXX8ule#X8XXX8I#L  M  X8XXX8Ԁisnotsubjecttosuppressiononthegroundthat @@  issuingthewarrantinthismannerwasunreasonable   underthecircumstances.#X8XXX8xI#X8XXX8 \ x\ x `   =8XXXdXXXd=CommitteeNote         NewRule4.1bringstogetherinoneRuletheproceduresfor xx usingatelephoneorotherreliableelectronicmeanstoapplyfor, dd approve,orissuewarrants,summonses,andcomplaints.The PP proceduresthathavegovernedsearchwarrants bytelephonicor < < othermeans,formerlyinRule41(d)(3)and(e)(3),havebeen (!( relocatedtothisRule,reorderedforeasierapplication,andextended " toarrestwarrants,complaints,andsummonses. #X8XXX8`J#X8XXX8S#X8XXX8M#X8XXX8uccessful # experienceusingelectronicapplicationsforsearchwarrantsunder # Rule41,combinedwithincreasedaccesstoreliableelectronic $ communication,#X8XXX8M#X8XXX8Ԁsupporttheextensionoftheseprocedurestoarrest % warrants,complaints,andsummonses.#X8XXX8O#X8XXX8Ԁ#X8XXX8O#X8XXX8L  M   &  (    Withoneexceptionnotedinthenextparagraph,thenewRule   preservestheproceduresformerlyinRule41withoutchange.   Limitedto magistratejudges,theRulecontinuestorequire,asdid   formerRule41(d)(3)and(e)(3),thatafederaljudge(andnotastate   judge)handleelectronicapplications,approvals,andissuances.The  Rulecontinuestorequirethatthejudgeplaceanapplicantunderoath  overthetelephone,andpermitsthejudgetoexaminetheapplicant,  asRule41hadprovided.Rule4.1(b)continuestorequirethatwhen tt electronicmeansareusedtoissuethewarrant,themagistratejudge `` retainstheoriginalwarrant.Minorchangesinwordingand LL  reorganizationofthelanguageformerlyinRule41weremadetoaid 88  inapplicationoftherules,withnointendedchangeinmeaning. $$    TheonlysubstantivechangetotheproceduresformerlyinRule   41(d)(3)and(e)(3)appearsinnewRule4.1(b)(2).FormerRule   41(d)(3)(ii)requiredthemagistratejudgetomakeaverbatimrecord   oftheentireconversationwiththeapplicant.NewRule4.1(b)(2)  providesthatwhenawarrantapplicationandaffidavitaresent  electronicallytothemagistratejudgeandthetelephoneconversation  betweenthemagistratejudgeandaffiantislimitedtoattestingtothe  writtendocuments,averbatimrecordoftheentireconversationisno pp longerrequired.Rather,themagistratejudgecansimplypreparea \\ writtensummaryorordermemorializingtheaffirmationoftheoath. HH Rule4.1(b)(7)specifiesthatanywrittensummaryorordermustbe 4 4 signedbythemagistratejudgeandfiledwiththeclerk.Thisprocess  !  willmaintainthesafeguardofdocumentingthewarrantapplication  "  process.#X8XXX8P#X8XXX8  "  `  #X8XXX8?Y# %   Rule6.TheGrandJury   =8XXdXXXd=  *****   JZ \ (f)IndictmentandReturn .Agrandjurymayindict  onlyifatleast12jurorsconcur.Thegrandjury"orits  forepersonordeputyforeperson"mustreturntheindictment hh toamagistratejudgeinopencourt.Toavoidunnecessary @@  costordelay,themagistratejudgemaytakethereturnby   videoteleconferencefromthecourtwherethegrandjurysits.   Ifacomplaintorinformationispendingagainstthedefendant  and12jurorsdonotconcurintheindictment,theforeperson  mustpromptlyandinwritingreportthelackofconcurrence xx tothemagistratejudge. PP   ***** (!( ]` =8XXXdXXd=@88# CommitteeNote  #   Subdivision(f). Theamendmentexpresslyallowsajudgeto $ takeagrandjuryreturnbyvideoteleconference.Havingthejudgein % thesamecourtroomremainsthepreferredpracticebecauseit & promotesthepublicsconfidenceintheintegrityandsolemnityofa ' federalcriminalproceeding.But,therearesituationswhennojudge (  ispresentinthecourthousewherethegrandjurysits,andajudge   wouldberequiredtotravellongdistancestotakethereturn.   Avoidingdelayisalsoafactor,sincetheSpeedyTrialAct,18U.S.C.   3161(b),requiresthatanindictmentbereturnedwithinthirtydays   ofthearrestofanindividualtoavoiddismissalofthecase.The  amendmentisparticularlyhelpfulwhenthereisnojudgepresentat  acourthousewherethegrandjurysitsandthenearestjudgeis  hundredsofmilesaway. tt   Undertheamendment,thegrandjury(ortheforeperson)would LL  appearinacourtroomintheUnitedStatescourthousewherethe 88  grandjurysits.Utilizingvideoteleconference,thejudgecould $$  participatebyvideofromaremotelocation,convenecourt,andtake   thereturn.Indictmentscouldbetransmittedinadvancetothejudge   forreviewbyreliableelectronicmeans.Thisprocessaccommodates   theSpeedyTrialAct,18U.S.C.3161(b),andpreservesthejudges   timeandsafety.X8XXX8    L  M  L  M     ` Rule9 . ArrestWarrantorSummonsonanIndictmentor  Information L  M  3 tt e  3if=8XXXdXXXd=***** LL fL  M  L  M  L  M  (d)0 \ WarrantbyTelephoneorOtherMeans. L  M  L  M  ?+ 4 <DL  ?L  M  #X8XXX8Ie#X8XXX8L  M  In $!$ accordancewithRule4.1,amagistratejudge#X8XXX8Kh#X8XXX8mayissue # anarrestwarrantorsummonsbasedoninformation $ communicatedbytelephoneorotherreliableelectronic & means.L  M  ( \ x\ x #X8XXX8h#L  M  L  M  X8XXX8L  M  ` =8XXXdXXXd=@88#CommitteeNote    #X8XXX8:j#X8XXX8L  M   Subdivision(d) .Rule9(d)authorizesacourttoissueanarrest   warrantorsummonselectronicallyonthereturnofanindictmentor   thefilingofaninformation.InlargejudicialdistrictsL  M  theneedto  traveltothecourtL  M  housetoobtainanarrestwarrantinpersoncanbe  burdensome,andadvancesintechnologymakethesecure  transmissionofareliableversionofthewarrantorsummonspossible. xx ThischangeworksinconjunctionwiththeamendmenttoRule6that dd permitstheelectronicreturnofanindictment,whichL  M  similarly PP  L  M  eliminatestheneedtotraveltothecourthouse. <<  =8XXdXXXd=#X8XXX8*k# L  M     ` Rule32.1.RevokingorModifyingProbationor   SupervisedRelease   ho  =8XXXdXXd=*****   p(f)0 Onadefendantsrequest,@Ԁ@pthecour@t@pmayallowthe  defendant@Ԁ@4qtoparticipate@Ԁ@gqinproceedingsunderthisrule || throughvideoteleconferencing.@ԀTT x x @q` =8XXXdXXXd=@88# CommitteeNote  #  Subdivision(f). Newsubdivision(f)ofRule32.1allowsa $ defendanttoparticipateinrevocationproceedingsviavideo % teleconferencingonthedefendantsconsentandthecourtsapproval. & Thisoptionmaybeespeciallyusefulinacaseinwhichthedefendant ' isarrestedinonedistrictandwouldotherwisehavetobetransported (  toanotherdistrictwheretheoriginalsentencewasimposed.Ifthis   optionisexercised,thecourtshouldpreservethedefendants   opportunitytoconferfreelyandprivatelywithcounsel.The   amendmentdoesnotaddresswhethervictims,witnesses,orothers   mayparticipateinanyhearingunderRule32.1throughvideo  teleconferencingorothermeans.Thesamestandardsandprocedures  fortheuseofvideoteleconferencingthatweresuggestedinthe  CommitteeNoteaccompanyingthe2002amendmenttoRule5are tt applicablehere. ``  `  Rule40.ArrestforFailingtoAppearinAnotherDistrict $$  orforViolatingConditionsofReleaseSetinAnother   District   w  =8XXXdXXXd=*****     (d)0 Videoteleconferencing. Ifthedefendantconsents,video  teleconferencingmaybeusedtoconductanappearance  underthisrule.dd x x ` =8XXXdXXXd=@88# CommitteeNote  "  Theamendmentprovidesforvideoteleconferencing,inorderto # bringtheRuleintoconformitywithRule5(f). $  =8XXdXXXd=L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M   &  ` $   , X$Rule41.SearchandSeizureL  M     L  M  L  M    =8XXXdXXd=*****   E|L  M  L  M  (d)0 \ L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  ObtainingaWarrant. \ x\ x    *****   }L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M   \ (3)0  L  M  RequestingaWarrantbyTelephonicorOther `` ReliableElectronicMeans.L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M   L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  Inaccordancewith 88  Rule4.1,aL  M  magistratejudgeL  M  ԀL  M  mayissueL  M  aL  M  ԀL  M  warrant   basedoninformationcommunicatedbytelephone   orotherreliableelectronicmeans.xx L  M  0 \ 0\ x\ x (A)0xxInGeneralL  M  .Amagistratejudgemayissuea  warrantL  M  ԀL  M  basedoninformationcommunicated xx bytelephoneorotherL  M  ԀL  M  reliableelectronic PP means. (!(xx 0 \ 0\ x\ x (B)0xxRecordingTestimonyL  M  .Uponlearningthatan # applicantL  M  ԀL  M  isrequestingawarrantunderRule $  41(d)(3)(A),amagistrateL  M  ԀL  M  judgemust: &xx 0 \ 0\ x\ x0xx (i)0Hxxplaceunderoaththeapplicantandany    persononL  M  ԀL  M  whosetestimonythe   applicationisbased;and HxHx 0 \ 0\ x\ x0xx (ii)0Hxxmakeaverbatimrecordofthe  conversationwithL  M  ԀL  M  asuitablerecording `` device,ifavailable,orbyacourtL  M   88  L  M  reporter,orinwritingL  M  L  M  . L  M  ԀL  M   HxHx 0 \ 0\ x\ x (C)0xxCertifyingTestimonyL  M  .Themagistratejudge   musthaveL  M  ԀL  M  anyrecordingorcourtreporters  notestranscribed,certifyL  M  ԀL  M  thetranscriptions  accuracy,andfileacopyoftherecordL  M  ԀL  M  andthe pp transcriptionwiththeclerk.Anywritten HH verbatimL  M  ԀL  M  recordL  M  Ԁmustbesignedbythe  !  magistratejudgeandL  M  ԀL  M  filedwiththeclerk. "xx 0 \ 0\ x\ x (D)0xxSuppressionLimitedL  M  .Absentafindingofbad $ faith,L  M  ԀL  M  evidenceobtainedfromawarrant & issuedunderRuleL  M  ԀL  M  41(d)(3)(A)isnotsubject (  tosuppressiononthegroundthatL  M  ԀL  M  issuingthe   warrantinthatmannerwasunreasonableL  M     L  M  underthecircumstances. L  M  xx L  M  L  M  (e)0 \ IssuingtheWarrant.\ x\ x   ***** `` H0 \ L  M  L  M  (3)0\ x\ xWarrantbyTelephonicorOtherMeans. L  M  Ifa 88  magistrateL  M  ԀL  M  judgedecidestoproceedunderRule   41(d)(3)(A),thefollowingL  M  ԀL  M  additionalprocedures   apply:xx  m 0  0 x x (A)0YxxPreparingaProposedDuplicateOriginal  WarrantL  M  .TheL  M  ԀL  M  applicantmustpreparea xx proposedduplicateoriginalwarrantL  M  ԀL  M  and PP mustreadorotherwisetransmitthecontentsofL  M   (!( L  M  thatdocumentverbatimtothemagistrate # judge.$YxYx  m - 0 \ 0\ x\ x (B)0xxPreparinganOriginalWarrantL  M  .Ifthe & applicantreadsL  M  ԀL  M  thecontentsoftheproposed (  duplicateoriginalwarrant,L  M  ԀL  M  themagistrate   judgemustenterthosecontentsintoanL  M     L  M  originalwarrant.Iftheapplicanttransmitsthe  contentsL  M  ԀL  M  byreliableelectronicmeans,that  transmissionmayserveL  M  ԀL  M  astheoriginal `` warrant. 88 xx 0 \ 0\ x\ x (C)0xxL  M  ModificationL  M  .Themagistratejudgemay   modifytheL  M  ԀL  M  originalwarrant.Thejudgemust   transmitanymodifiedL  M  ԀL  M  warranttothe  applicantbyreliableelectronicmeansL  M  ԀL  M  under  Rule41(e)(3)(D)ordirecttheapplicantto pp modifytheL  M  ԀL  M  proposedduplicateoriginal HH warrantaccordingly. ! xx  0 \ 0\ x\ x (D)0xxSigningtheWarrantL  M  .Upondeterminingto " issuetheL  M  ԀL  M  warrant,themagistratejudgemust $ immediatelysigntheL  M  ԀL  M  originalwarrant,enter & onitsfacetheexactdateandtimeL  M  ԀL  M  itisissued, (  andL  M  transmititbyreliableelectronicmeanstoL  M     L  M  theapplicantordirecttheapplicanttosign   thejudgesL  M  ԀL  M  nameontheduplicateoriginal  warrant.xx  L  M  ( L  M  L  M  L  M  L  M  f)0 \ ExecutingandReturningtheWarrant.``\ x\ x 0 \ (1)0\ x\ xL  M  WarranttoSearchforandSeizeaPersonor @@  Property. xx   *****    L  M  0 \ 0\ x\ x(D)0xxReturn.L  M  Theofficerexecutingthewarrant  mustL  M  ԀL  M  promptlyreturnit"togetherwitha  copyoftheinventory"tothemagistrate xx judgedesignatedonthewarrant.L  M  ԀTheofficer PP maydosobyreliableelectronicmeans.L  M  The (!( judgemust,onrequest,giveacopyofthe # inventoryL  M  ԀL  M  tothepersonfromwhom,orfrom $ whosepremises,theL  M  ԀL  M  propertywastakenand & totheapplicantforthewarrant.( xx L  M  0 \ L  M  (2)0\ x\ xL  M  WarrantforaTrackingDevice. xx L  M  0 \ 0\ x\ x (A)0xxNotingtheTime.L  M  Theofficerexecutinga   trackingdeviceL  M  ԀL  M  warrantmustenteronitthe  exactdateandtimetheL  M  ԀL  M  devicewasinstalled  andtheperiodduringwhichitwasL  M  ԀL  M  used.``xx L  M  0 \ 0\ x\ x(B)0xxReturn.L  M  Within10calendardaysaftertheuse 88  oftheL  M  ԀL  M  trackingdevicehasended,theofficer   executingthewarrantL  M  ԀL  M  mustreturnittothe   judgedesignatedinthewarrant.Theofficer  maydosoX8XXX8Ԁbyreliableelectronicmeans.L  xx   *****M   pp   `  =8XXXdXXXd=CommitteeNote L  M   HH >L  M    Subdivisions(d)(3)and(e)(3). Theamendmentdeletesthe  !  provisionsthatgoverntheapplicationforandissuanceofwarrantsby " telephoneorotherreliableelectronicmeans.Theseprovisionshave " beentransferredtonewRule4.1,whichgovernscomplaintsand # warrantsunderRules3,4,9,and41. $    Subdivision(f)(2) .Theamendmentpermitsanywarrantreturn & tobemadebyreliableelectronicmeans. Requiringaninperson ' returncanbeburdensomeonlawenforcement,particularlyL  M  iL  M  nlarge (  districtswhenthereturnL  M  canL  M  requireagreatdealoftimeandtravel.   L  M  Incontrast,L  M  nointerestL  M  oftheaccusedL  M  isaffectedL  M  byL  M  allowingwhatis   normallyaministerialacttobedoneelectronically.   #X8XXX8#X8XXX8 =8XXdXXXd= `  Rule43. DefendantsPresence  =8XXXdXXd=(a)0 \ WhenRequired. Unlessthisrule,Rule5, or Rule10, || orRule32.1providesotherwise,thedefendantmustbe \\  presentat:44 \ x\ x  \ (1) 0  theinitialappearance,theinitialarraignment,and    theplea; xx  \ (2) 0  everytrialstage,includingjuryimpanelmentand  thereturnoftheverdict;andxx  \ (3) 0  sentencing.||xx  (b)0 \ WhenNotRequired. Adefendantneednotbepresent \ \ underanyofthefollowingcircumstances:<"<\ x\ x  \ (1)0  OrganizationalDefendant. Thedefendantisan $ organizationrepresentedbycounselwhois % present.'xx  \ (2)0  MisdemeanorOffense. Theoffenseispunishable   byfineorbyimprisonmentfornotmorethanone   year,orboth,andwiththedefendantswritten  consent,thecourtpermitsarraignment,plea,trial,  andsentencingtooccurbyvideoteleconferencing hh orinthedefendantsabsence.@@ xx   *****   ^=8XXXdXXXd=@dd& CommitteeNote    `   Subdivision(b) .Thisrulecurrentlyallowsproceedingsina  misdemeanorcasetobeconductedinthedefendantsabsencewith  thedefendantswrittenconsentandthecourtspermission.The  amendmentallowsparticipationthroughvideoteleconferenceasan  alternativetoappearinginpersonornotappearing.Participationby || videoteleconferenceispermittedonlywhenthedefendanthas hh consentedinwritingandreceivedthecourtspermission. TT =8XXdXXXd=  @ @  `  Rule49.ServingandFilingPapers   =8XXXdXXd=(a)0 \ WhenRequired. Apartymustserveoneveryother   partyanywrittenmotion(otherthanonetobeheardex  parte),writtennotice,designationoftherecordon  appeal,orsimilarpaper.hh\ x\ x @(***** @@   (e)0 \ ElectronicServiceandFiling. Acourtmay,bylocal   rule,allowpaperstobefiled,signed,orverifiedby   electronicmeansthatareconsistentwithanytechnical  standardsestablishedbytheJudicialConferenceofthe  UnitedStates.Alocalrulemayrequireelectronicfiling  onlyifreasonableexceptionsareallowed.Apaperfiled XX electronicallyincompliancewithalocalruleiswritten 0!0 orinwritingundertheserules.#\ x\ x #X8XXX8#X8XXX8`  &   =8XXXdXXXd=  @88#@@# CommitteeNote      Subdivision(e). Filingpapers, byelectronicmeansisaddedas   newsubdivision(e),whichisdrawnfromCivilRule5(d)(3).#X8XXX8#It   makesitclearthatapaperfiledelectronicallyincompliancewiththe  Courtslocalruleisawrittenpaper.  =8XXdXXXd=