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magistrate judge A judicial officer of a district court who conducts initial proceedings in criminal cases, decides criminal misdemeanor cases, conducts many pretrial civil and criminal matters on behalf of district judges, and decides civil cases with the consent of the parties. misdemeanor An offense punishable by one year of imprisonment or less. See also felony. mistrial An invalid trial, caused by fundamental error. When a mistrial is declared, the trial must start again with the selection of a new jury. motion A request by a litigant to a judge for a decision on an issue relating to the case. |
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