U.S. Court of Federal Claims — Judicial Business 2025

The U.S. Court of Federal Claims has nationwide jurisdiction over a variety of monetary claims against the federal government, including those involving tax refunds, federal taking of private property for public use, pay and dismissal of federal civilian employees, pay and dismissal of military personnel, land claims brought by Native Americans and/or their tribe(s), contract disputes, bid protests, patents and copyright, congressional reference, and the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program. Pursuant to 28 U.S.C. § 791(c), each January the clerk of court transmits to Congress a statement of all the judgments rendered, which notes the names of the claimants, the amounts, the dates of entry and nature of the claims, and the dispositions for all judgments rendered the previous fiscal year.

Filings in this court increased 9 percent to 2,244 in 2025. Vaccine compensation cases rose 10 percent to 1,301. Excluding vaccine compensation cases, filings grew 8 percent to 943 as property taken cases climbed 74 percent to 106 cases filed. Many of the general jurisdiction cases were of increased complexity and national significance; for example, 10 percent of the general jurisdiction cases filed this fiscal year contained multiple plaintiffs, and 11 percent involved intervening parties.

Total case terminations declined 3 percent to 2,308. Vaccine case terminations dropped 11 percent to 1,331. Pending cases decreased 1 percent to 5,403.

Filings in 2025 were 18 percent lower than in 2021. Case filings related to the National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program have fallen 37 percent from 2,063 petitions in 2021 to 1,301 petitions in 2025.

For data on filings in the Court of Federal Claims, see Tables G-2A and G-2B.